[1] James Holdsworth. 2024. “What is AI bias?”. IBM. https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/ai-bias.
[2] Larry Hardesty. 2018. “Study finds gender and skin-type bias in commercial artificial-intelligence systems”. MIT News. https://news.mit.edu/2018/study-finds-gender-skin-type-bias-artificial-intelligence-systems-0212#:~:text=In%20the%20researchers%E2%80%99%20experiments%2C%20the,percent%20in%20the%20other%20two.
[3] Leonardo Nicoletti & Dina Bass. 2023. “Humans are biased. Generative AI is even worse”. Bloomberg Technology. https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2023-generative-ai-bias/.
[4] Gehman et al. 2020. RealToxicityPrompts: Evaluating Neural Toxic Degeneration in Language Models. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2020, pages 3356?3369. Association for Computational Linguistics
[5] Robert Booth. 2024. “Revealed: bias found in AI system used to detect UK benefits fraud”. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/dec/06/revealed-bias-found-in-ai-system-used-to-detect-uk-benefits.
[6] Jeffrey Dastin. 2018. “Insight - Amazon scraps secret AI recruiting tool that showed bias against women”. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/world/insight-amazon-scraps-secret-ai-recruiting-tool-that-showed-bias-against-women-idUSKCN1MK0AG/?utm_source=chatgpt.com.
[7] Anne Trafton. 2024. “Study reveals why AI models that analyze medical images can be biased”. MIT News. https://news.mit.edu/2024/study-reveals-why-ai-analyzed-medical-images-can-be-biased-0628.
[8] A. Koenecke et al. 2020. Racial disparities in automated speech recognition. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117 (14) 7684-7689. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915768117.
[9] Maison, L., & Esteve, Y. 2023. Some voices are too common: Building fair speech recognition systems using the Common Voice dataset. Interspeech.
[10] Fima Furman. 2024. “Data Curation Practices to Minimize Bias in Medical AI”. Towards Data Science. https://towardsdatascience.com/data-curation-practices-to-minimize-bias-in-medical-ai-379bf6983de2/
[11] James Holdsworth. “What is AI bias?”. IBM. https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/ai-bias
[12] Tony Wood. 2025. “The Myth of the Unbiassed AI”. Tonywood.co. https://tonywood.co/blog/the-myth-of-the-unbiased-ai
[13] Md Shahriare Hossain Arafat. 2024. “AI Bias and Fairness”. Medium. https://medium.com/@Shahriare/ai-bias-and-fairness-58c277bc511f